Water heater



Dec, 16, 192,4.,

L519,395 w. A. CLENCH WATER HEATER Filed Aug- 7, 1920 pre-liest PATENT orrice.

0F SEATTLE, WASHING-TGN, SSIGNGR 0F ONE-HALF TO GEORGE E. SNBUEI, OF SEATTLE, WASHINGTON,

WATER HEATER, j

atpucaew aies august v,

To all whom it may coffwern.

Be it known that I, WILLIAM A, CLENCH, a citizen oi: the United States', and resident of the city of Seattle, county ci King, State of llVashington, have invented certain new and useiul Improvements in ldfater Heaters, of which the following is a speciication.

My invention relates to a. heater for fluids, andV is particularly designed `for heatingv Water in relatively small amounts for household purposes. l j

The object of my invention is to provide such a. Water heater Which will heat Water more quickly, and with a greater conservation of the heat generated in the heating element than the ordinary heater of this type.

Another object is to provide a simple, cornpact and cheap Water heater which may he formed principally of stock materials My invention comprises those novel parte and combinations thereof which are shown in the accompanying drawings, described in the specification, and particularly pointed out in the claims terminating the same.

In the accompanying' drawings I have shown my invention in a form which is now preferred by Ine.

Figure l is a. vertical arial section through my device.

Figure 2 Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an elevation, with parte lorolren away, of the primary heating element and its application within my heater.

I prefer to employ electric heating means in this heater. The principal objection to electric heaters has been the diilieulty, with ordinary installations, ot generating suf-- ficient heat to quickly heat the desired amount of water. Added to this is the loss in previous types of electric Water heaters due to radiation to the ati'nosphereD rllhis radiation constituted a total loss, and it is one of the objects of my present invention to eliminatc'this loss so tar as possible, and to employ the radiation to preheat the water which is to he delivered to the primary heating element. By using the radiation to the Water it may he delivered to the primary heating element Warm so that it may he raised through a given range o temperature by this primary heating element in a much shorter space of time, or a higher degree of temperature may he attained, or a is a section on line 2--2 et E head 40. My object in larger quantity ot Water may* 1920. Serial No. 401,857.

he raised through a smaller range of temperature,

In carrying out my invention I provide a series of nested pipes so positioned with relation to one another as to form a series of superposed jackets. In the drawings I have shown three such pipes, although it is apparentthat a. greater number may be employed if desired, These pipes comprise the outer pipe 1, the inner pipe 2 and the intermediate pipe 3a To @lose the ends of these pipes I may employ a lower head 4 and an upper head 40; both of these heads are provided with axial bores 4l. I may extend the inner pi e 2 through the bore 41 in the upper hea 40, but the bore in ,the lower head d should be closed so that its lower end does not directly connect with the interior oit the heater. This may be done by means ot a plu 42 secured in the upper side of this lower liead a.

The outer pipe l is secured in any suitable mannerwithin the heads e and 40, as hy the threads indicated at 10.= The intermediate pipe 3 should he secured in one of the heads, probably in the lower head 4, as shown at 30, and may have a. guidin support inV the opposite head, as illustrate at 31, wherein its upper end lits snugly Within a suitable groote in the head 40, The inner pipe 2 should 'he suitably supported at its lower end, and as l have herein shown it, it is screwed Within the plug 4-2, as shown at 20. The pipes and the heads, assembled as descrihed, forni a. series of superposed jaclrets through `which the Water may pass. The

head 4 is provided with a Water intake at` 4.4, this being connected through suitable ports to the outermost jacket 13. The vvater passes up through the jacket i3 and isl then led through perforations 33 in the intermediate pipe into the inner jacket 32. It is then lead downward and through periorations 22 in the lower end of the pipe 2, and passes upward through this pipe and out at the discharge connections 25 at its up er end.

"he pertorations 33 are positioned at the upper end et the pipe 3 and u on a level with the inner or lower side 4o the upper so positioning these perforations is to make certain that there is no space left above the pertorations where dead or still Water may collect, to be eventually turned into steam. It there `were such a space steam might `form therein until the head gained suicient pressure to cause a steam hammer, or even to shut off the supply of water, and the heater lwould then be burned out. While I speak of perforations in the Various pipes it is evident that the pipes might be cut short of the heads and be suitably supported in some manner other than that shown, although the preferred form is that illustrated, all parts being made of stock materials. y

The heating element surrounds the innermost pipe 2 and is covered by the protecting tube 26. The element A, itself, may be of any suitable or standard construction and may be heat insulated from the tube 26 by' a layer of suitable insulation 13. This directs the greater part of the heat tothe interior of the pipe 2, where the Water about to be discharged is finally heated. A heater formed in the manner described will take in cold water in its outer jacket 13 and during its passage through this jacket it will take up a portion of the radiation which escapes through the tubev26 and the inner jacket 32. In passing downward through the inner jacket 32 the water is further heated, and passes throu h the perforations 22 warm. Thus, it can be seen that it is comparatively easy to reach a high temperature in finally passing the water through the pipe 2, about which is coiled the heating element A.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. A water heater comprising, in combination, an up er and a lower head each having a central ore, a plug secured in the u er side of the lower head and closing said ore therein, an outer, an inner and an intermediate pipe nested to form a series of superposed jackets, said inner pipe having its lower end perforated and secured in said plug and its upper end projecting through the bore in the upper head, said outer and intermediate pipes being secured in the heads, and the intermediate pipe being perforated upon a level with the lower side 0f the upper head, said lower head having an intake port leading to the outer acket, and aheating element surrounding said inner pipe.

2. A water heater comprising, in combination, an upper and a lower head, said upper head having a central bore, an outer, an inner, and an intermediate pipe nested to form a series of superposed jackets, said inner pipe having its lower end perforated and secured in the lower head, and its upper end projecting through the bore in the up r head, said outer and intermediate pipes ing secured in the heads, and the intermediate pipe being perforated at its upper end, said lower head having an intake municating with the outer jacket, and a heating element surrounding one of saidinner pipes.

3. A water heater comprising, in combination, an upper and a lower head, said upper head havingl a central bore, an outer, an inner, and an intermediate ipe nested to form a series of'superposed jackets, said inner pipe having its lower end perforated and secured in the lower head, a tube surrounding`the inner pipe above the perforations therein and forming therewith an annular chamber closed at its lower end, said inner pipe and tube extending through the bore port com- 1n the upper head, a heating element positioned in said annular chamber, said outer and intermediate pipes being secured in the heads, and the intermediate pipe being perforated at its u per end, and said lower head having an inta e port leading to the outer jacket.

Signed at Seattle, Washington, this 29th day of July, 1920.

WILLIAM A. CLENCH. 

